Consequences of the cosine rule
The type of a triangle from its longest side (acute, right or obtuse), the sum of the squares of the diagonals of a parallelogram and a problem about sides AB and BC. This follows the Ukrainian Year 9 geometry book, section 2 "The cosine rule".
- سوريا: الصف ١١
- أوكرانيا: الصف ٩
- روسيا: الصف ٩
- ألمانيا: الصف ٩
- فرنسا: الصف ١١
لم يُترجَم هذا المختبر إلى هذه اللغة بعد.
الدليل
In the Ukrainian Year 9 geometry book (section 2, "The cosine rule") the sides of a triangle are a, b, c and the opposite angles are α, β, γ. The cosine rule: a٢ = b٢ + c٢ − ٢bccosα. It gives ٢bccosα = b٢ + c٢ − a٢.
A consequence of the cosine rule. Let a be the length of the longest side of a triangle. If a٢ < b٢ + c٢, the triangle is acute. If a٢ > b٢ + c٢, it is obtuse. If a٢ = b٢ + c٢, it is right-angled. The reason is the sign of the cosine of the largest angle: positive, negative or zero.
Problem 1. The sum of the squares of the diagonals of a parallelogram equals the sum of the squares of all its sides: BD٢ + AC٢ = ٢a٢ + ٢b٢, where a and b are neighbouring sides. It is proved by writing the cosine rule for triangles ABD and ACD (angles α and 180° − α) and adding.
Problem 2. The cosine rule can give a quadratic equation. A root that does not fit the condition (a length cannot be negative) is thrown out. Solutions are written: Given, Find, Solution, Answer. The triangles are drawn to scale: 1 square on the board is 1 cm.