Extra: right-triangle theorems

In a right-angled triangle with a 30° angle, the side opposite it is half the hypotenuse; and the median to the hypotenuse is half of it too. See both, prove one and use them.

Guide

This is an extra studio: these two theorems are in the Afghan Grade 8 book. You can understand them with congruent triangles and isosceles triangles.

The 30° theorem: if one acute angle of a right-angled triangle is 30°, the side opposite it is half the hypotenuse. That's because such a triangle is half of an equilateral triangle. The rule only works for 30°, not for any angle.

The median theorem: in a right-angled triangle, the median from the right angle to the hypotenuse is half the hypotenuse. The midpoint of the hypotenuse is the same distance from all three vertices, so a circle centred there passes through all three.